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What is the primary purpose of using proparacaine in ophthalmology?

  1. To reduce inflammation

  2. To numb the eye

  3. To dilate the pupil

  4. To treat infections

The correct answer is: To numb the eye

Proparacaine is a topical anesthetic commonly used in ophthalmology primarily to numb the eye. It works by blocking nerve signals in the area where it is applied, which is essential for various procedures that require the patient to remain comfortable and still. This numbing effect is beneficial during examinations or minor surgical procedures, such as tonometry or foreign body removal, allowing for a pain-free experience for the patient. The other options represent different therapeutic actions that proparacaine does not perform. While reducing inflammation, dilating the pupil, or treating infections are important in ophthalmologic care, those functions are attributed to other medications rather than proparacaine. Therefore, the central purpose of using proparacaine is specifically aimed at providing local anesthesia to enhance patient comfort during eye-related procedures.