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What should be monitored as a potential side effect of long-term topical steroid use?

  1. Corneal scarring

  2. Increased ocular pressure

  3. Visual acuity deterioration

  4. Nearby lymph node swelling

The correct answer is: Increased ocular pressure

Long-term use of topical steroids can lead to increased ocular pressure, which is a significant concern in ophthalmology. Prolonged exposure to corticosteroids can disrupt the balance of fluid dynamics in the eye, particularly by affecting the outflow of aqueous humor. This elevated intraocular pressure can increase the risk of developing glaucoma, a condition that can cause irreversible damage to the optic nerve and lead to vision loss if not monitored and managed appropriately. While corneal scarring, visual acuity deterioration, and nearby lymph node swelling may occur in various contexts, they are not directly associated with the prolonged use of topical steroids. Monitoring eye pressure is essential in patients using these medications over an extended period to prevent potential complications related to elevated intraocular pressure, such as glaucoma.